$ restricts the match to the end of the string.^ restricts the match to the start of the string.The following reference is for Extended Regular Expressions. -P if available, this option will enable Perl Compatible Regular Expression (PCRE).-F option will cause the search patterns to be treated literally.in GNU grep, BRE and ERE only differ in how metacharacters are specified, no difference in features.-E option will enable Extended Regular Expression (ERE).-G option can be used to specify explicitly that BRE is needed.Here's an example with line numbers and matched portions in color:īy default, grep treats the search pattern as Basic Regular Expression (BRE) $ printf 'red\nblue\ngreen\nbrown\nyellow' | grep -A2 'blue' $ printf 'hi\n\nhello\n\n\n\nbye\n' | grep -cx '' $ printf 'par value\nheir apparent\ntar-par' | grep -w 'par' $ printf 'Cat\ncut\ncOnCaT\nfour cats\n' | grep -i 'cat' $ printf 'apple\nbanana\nmango\nfig\ntango\n' | grep 'an' grep is smart enough to do the right thing in such cases. ![]() The following examples would all be suited for -F option as these do not use regular expressions.
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